Improvement in pumps



UNITED STATES PATENT Ormea@ BENJN. FRAZEE, OE BELLEVILLE, NEW JERSEY.

IMPROVEMENT iN PUMPS.

Specification forming part ot' Letters Patent No. 51,302, dated December 5, 1865.

To all lwhom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN FnAzEE, of Belleville, in the county ot' Bergen and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and Improved Pump, and I do hereby declare that the following is a t'ull, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference bein g had to the accompanying drawings, formingpart of this specification.

This invention relates to a new and uselul ilnprovement in the ordinary litt-pump, dcsigned more especially for oil-wells, and has for its object econoniyin the construction and the application of the pump to its work, and, also, economy in the power for operating the same,as hereinafter fully shown and described.

A represents an oil-well, and B a metal tube fitted therein, and having a cap, C, screwed with its lower end, in which a ball or other valve, l), is fitted, opening upward.

E represents a tubular piston which works within the tube B, and also has a ball or other valve, Ii, at its lower end, opening upward. The exterior of the piston E has a series ot' grooves, a, made circumferentially in it, with one ot' which (the central one being preferable) the interior ot' the piston communicates by means of a passage, I).

G is the piston-rod, which is tubular, and is connected to the upper end ot' the piston E, and extends up through a stuffing-box, H, at the top ot' the tube B. This tubular pistonrod, at a suitable distance above the well, is provided with a discharge spout or nozzle, I, andthe upper end ot" said rod is connected by a joint, c, with one end ot' a lever, J, the opposite end ot which has a sliding or adjustable weight, K, upon it to serve as a counterpoise. This lever J may be operated in various ways. The plan i'n the present instance consists of a rope, belt, or chain, K, passing around two pulleys, L L, and connected to the rope, belt, or chain, as shown at d, the axis ofthe lower pulley, L, having a crank, M, to which the power is applied.

At the commencement of the operation the weight K is so adjusted as to nearly counterpoise the piston E, a slight preponderance being allowed the latter to admit of its descending in the tube B by gravity. The lever J is then operated (vibrated or moved up and down) by moving the crank M iirst in one direction and then in the other, and a reciprocating motion is consequently communicated to the piston E in the tube B. As the piston ascends a vacuum is produced in the tube B below the piston, and the valve l) in the bottom ot' B opens, and the tube below the pistons becomes filled with oil. As the piston descends the valve D closes, ot' course, and the valveF at the bottom ot the piston opens, the oil passing therein and tilling the piston. As the piston again ascends the valve F closes and oil again drawn into the lower part ot' the tube B. At each descent ot' the piston oil passes into it, and consequently will be raised and discharged through the spout or nozzle I. Apertures e are made in the upper part oi' the tube B to admit ot' the escape of air. By this arrangement the oil may be raised by a very slight expenditure of power, as the piston is counterpoised, or nearly so, and butlittle friction is to be overcome, as the piston is kept well lubricated in consequence of oil passing through the opening l) into the central groove a, from which it finds its way into the other grooves a, where it lodges and keeps the piston well lubricated.

It is believed that one horse-power applied to a pump of this kind will raise a large qualitity of oil within a given time.

I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. rIhe hollow or tubular piston E within the cylinder B, and provided with a tubular piston-rod G, and having a valve F in its lower end opening upward, the said cylinder B being provided with a valve D at its lower end, all arranged to operate in the manner substantially as set forth.

2. The series ot' grooves c, made circumferentially in the exterior of the piston, and communicating with the interior of the piston by one or more opeuings,l1, substantially as described.

BENJ. FRAZEE.

Witnesses M. M. LIVINGSTON, G. L. TOPLIFF. 

